Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Management-Controlling Function - 916 Words

Introduction Once managers assume responsibilities for their units, they decide â€Å"where they are going† (Planning), who will do what (Organizing), and how to motivate their employees (Leading). In this presentation, we are going to explore how to keep things under control in an organization. It is imperative that all managers should be involved in the control function even if their units are performing as planned. Managers cant really know whether their units are performing properly until they have evaluated what activities have been done and have compared the actual performance with the desired standard. An effective control system ensures that activities are completed in ways that lead to attainment of the organization’s goals.†¦show more content†¦* Must identify significant differences between actual results and original plan. * Effective control requires measurement. * Step 3 — comparing results with objectives and standards * Need for action reflects the difference between desired performance and actual performance * Comparison methods: * Historical comparison * Relative comparison * Engineering comparison * Step 4 — taking corrective action * Taking action when a discrepancy exists between desired and actual performance. * Management by exception * Giving attention to situations showing the greatest need for action. * Types of exceptions * Problem situation * Opportunity situation * Feedforward controls * Employed before a work activity begins. * Ensures that: * Objectives are clear. * Proper directions are established. * Right resources are available. * Focuses on quality of resources * Concurrent controls †¦ * Focus on what happens during work process. * Monitor ongoing operations to make sure they are being done according to plan. * Can reduce waste in unacceptable finished products or services. * Feedback controls †¦ * Take place after work is completed. * Focus on quality of end results. * Provide useful information for improving future operations. * Internal and external control *Show MoreRelatedManagement Function Controlling1653 Words   |  7 PagesFunctions of management The functions of management uniquely describe managers jobs. The most commonly cited functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, although some identify additional functions. The functions of management define the process of management as distinct from accounting, finance, marketing, and other business functions. These functions provide a useful way of classifying information about management, and most basic management texts sinceRead MoreThe Function Of Management Is Controlling Essay2234 Words   |  9 PagesThe final step in the function of management is controlling. Controlling is broken down into a process that consists of determining the stands to measure performance, then your company measures the actual performance, and compares that performance with the standard, and if needed, corrective action will fall into place. Towards the end of the fiscal year, you begin creating new goals for your company to meet. Goals can consist of c ustomer satisfaction, financial, production, and employee performanceRead MoreFunctions Of Management : Planning, Directing And Controlling Essay933 Words   |  4 Pagesfour major functions of management in order to succeed. The success of any business organization depends on how well these functions are applied. These management functions make it possible for a business to handle its business strategy, tactical and operational decisions in a more efficient and effective manner. The aim of this paper is to discuss the four main functions of management: Planning, Organizing, Directing and controlling. a. Planning - This is the first management function and it isRead MoreRelationship Between Planning Controlling Functions of Management.1125 Words   |  5 PagesInterrelationship between Planning Controlling Functions of Management. Ashiqur Rahman Sami Business Administration Discipline Allama Iqbal UNIVERSITY, PAKISTAN Interrelationship between Planning Controlling Functions of Management. Before we go to specify the interrelationship between the Planning and Controlling Function of Business we have to define Planning and Controlling first. Planning: Planning is a basic managerial function. It involves deciding on a course ofRead MoreThe Four Functions Of Management: Planning, Management, Leading and Controlling1225 Words   |  5 Pagesinformed and all moving toward the goal of the company. Some people may think that this person is the owner but most of the time this person is the manager. Successful managers must know, and be able to apply the four functions of management: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, to their daily work routine. Planning is specifying the goals to be achieved and deciding in advance the appropriate action needed to achieve those goals (Bateman Snell, 2007). All businesses, new and establishedRead MoreManagement Functions And Functions Of Management1304 Words   |  6 Pages Essay Management is viewed as a critical part in any business or corporate commercial enterprises. Group assignments provide a useful platform for understanding the management functions that consist of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (POLC). I totally do agree with this statement. Management of groups is actually the key to all of these P-O-L-C functions. Any management can accomplish and succeed objectives through the organizing execution of these four functions (123helpme.comRead More Four Functions of Management Essay770 Words   |  4 PagesFour Functions of Management Abstract The four functions of management, planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, are very essential in building strong organizations and even stronger more effective teams. Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling are the functions of management. These function activities must be preformed by all managers regardless of their industry level, title, or the task they have at hand. These four management skill are used when ever a project or a task isRead MoreManagerial Accounting1152 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant part in helping understand how profits and expense amounts are derived. One form of accounting I will focus on is managerial accounting or also known as management accounting. Managerial accounting is the process of identifying, analyzing, recording and presenting financial information that is used for internally by the management for planning, decision making, and control. Managerial accounting provides economic and financial information for managers and other internal users (Managerial,Read MoreMgt 330 Functions of Management Essay1046 Words   |  5 PagesFour Functions of Management Tayshia Forrest MGT 330 May 15, 2011 Didier S.D. Opotowsky University of Phoenix Abstract: The objective of this paper is to explain and define the four functions of management, which are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The paper will also explain how these four functions are incorporated in the fast food franchise of Hardees and Carl Jr. restaurants. Discussed are different ways the restaurant managers practice these functions for their employeesRead MoreMgmt 4081554 Words   |  7 PagesRoles of a Manager MGMT 408 Week 1 Farbod Zarkeshian IT Managers now have many responsibilities (data centers, staff management, telecommunications, servers, applications, workstations, websites, mobile access and devices, user support, regulatory compliance, vendor management, disaster recovery, etc.) and work with all the departments (accounting, human resources, marketing, sales, distribution, facilities, legal, etc.) within a company or organization. This is both the good and the bad

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Causes And Consequences Of Eating Disorders - 1608 Words

Abstract The eating disorders, Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa are psychological life threatening disorders that are becoming more common in today’s society. When an eating disorder is developed, the victim is not always aware of the oral consequences he or she will have to endure. This review of research indicates the risks and consequences associated with eating disorders and oral health. Introduction It is estimated that up to 24 million Americans suffer from serious eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating. While anyone can suffer from an eating disorder, the group most commonly diagnosed includes teenagers and young adult women. Eating disorders can have a large negative impact on a person’s quality of life. Self-image, relationships with families and friends, and performance in school or on the job can be negatively impacted. Individuals with eating disorders also can suffer from numerous physical health complications, such as heart conditions or kidney failure, which can lead to death. However, it is often the pain and discomfort related to dental complications that first causes patients to consult with a health professional. Dentists and dental hygienists are often the first health professionals to observe signs and symptoms of eating disorders. The major and most noticeable oral symptoms related to eating disorders include enamel erosion, de ntal caries and disturbances of basic oral functions. The goal of this review is to presentShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders And Their Effects On Victims Of Them1281 Words   |  6 Pagesthoughts someone suffering an eating disorder hear every second of a day. In this essay, I will explain eating disorders and their effects on victims of them. Eating disorders are major health risks, and can be life-threatening. Eating disorders are defined as abnormal eating habits and extreme worry about one’s body image. They are mental illnesses that exist in both males and females, but are most commonly seen in females between the ages of 12-25. Eating disorders are not only about losing weightRead MoreEating Disorders And Its Effects On Society1199 Words   |  5 Pagesreally take into consideration of what you’re eating, as it is something that you usually take for granted, that is, eating. Maybe that’s how it goes for you, eating without thinking. But for some people in the world, eating is something very difficult to do. Either they despise food because they feel that they are too overweight, or that they can’t stop eating because they are always hungry. These people are people who have eating disorders. Eating di sorders mostly concern individuals that are usuallyRead MoreEating Disorders And The Body Image1573 Words   |  7 Pagesabnormal eating patterns in a contempt to conform and seek society s approval of their body image. An eating disorder is an ailment that causes severe imbalances to your diet habits that you use everyday, such as gluttonously overeating or not taking in a healthy amount of food. At first, a person with an eating disorder would eat a smaller or larger portion of food, but at some point, the drive to eat less or more becomes out of control. Researchers are finding that eating disorders are causedRead MoreEating Disorders Are Dangerous And Those People With These Disorders1453 Words   |  6 Pageswith with these disorders tend to be very active individuals such as dancers, gymnast, or athletes. Other circumstances included those who have disturbed body images that are related to being pressured to be a perfectionist. The main focus of this paper is to make others aware of these disorders and to help people understand that eating disorders are dangerous and those people with these disorders need help overcoming the situation. Due to the lack of awareness of eating disorders, da ncers are atRead MoreEating Disorders Are Serious Mental Illnesses That Are Not A Choice1535 Words   |  7 PagesEating disorders are serious mental illnesses that are not a choice. Eating disorders can affect people of any age and are characterized by concerns with body weight and irregular eating habits. There are many different kinds of eating disorders, but the cause of them is not completely known. The symptoms of eating disorders include obsession with food, appearance, and weight. There are ways to cope with and treat eating disorders with the help of a therapist that is specially trained in eating disordersRead MoreAnorexia Nervos Eating Disorders Association1013 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that affects about 0.5 to 1 percent of women in the United States today. (Anorexia Nervosa | National Eating Disorders Association) While, that may not seem like a lot of people are suffering from Anorexia nervosa it has received a significant amount of attention due to the consequences of developing this disorder. For example, it is reported that five to twenty percent of people who have Anorexia Nervosa will eventually succumb to theirRead MoreBad Messages of Magazine Advertisements873 Words   |  4 Pageshaving models who look sick and unhealthy, magazine advertisements should have average looking men and women, so boys and girls will not deprive themselves. When girls and boys see models with huge muscles or extremely flat stomachs, these images cause the teenagers to lose their self-esteem. Teenagers want to have the best or â€Å"perfect† body, â€Å"Magazines are filled with ‘perfect’ models who have what one would perceive as, a perfect body† (Song). When teens see what they consider â€Å"perfection†, theyRead MoreThe Three Main Types Of Eating Disorders1305 Words   |  6 PagesEating Disorders The three main types of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating, are complex pschyatriac disorders. The classification and diagnosis of each disorder is challenging because diagnostic symptoms and behaviours overlap. These disorders consist of various biological, psychological and sociological factors. They frequently coexist with other illnesses such as depression, substance abuse, or anxiety disorders. (ANAD) Eating disorders are commonly associatedRead MoreEating Disorder : South Carolina Department Of Mental Health862 Words   |  4 PagesMental Health Eating disorder according to Merriam-Webster Dictionary is a â€Å"psychological disorder affected by serious disturbances of eating.† [2]. It Primarily affects females, especially from ages twelve to twenty-five years old. According to Anad, â€Å"Women are more likely to develop a eating disorder than men.† In America, eating disorder has been increasing since the 1950’s. [3] Trauma Trauma is defined as â€Å"A deeply distressing or disturbing experience.† [2] Trauma and eating disorder relate toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Omnivore s Dilemma Calls The American National Eating Disorder1301 Words   |  6 Pagesethnicity creates its uniqueness. However, Americans mindset of â€Å"what should we have for dinner† and the poor decision making about food choices created the â€Å"omnivore’s dilemma† or what Pollan, in The Omnivore’s Dilemma calls the American national eating disorder. Pollan explored more about the food that Americans consume in â€Å"an investigation of food called the industrial food chain†(Pollan, Omnivore 110). While studying the products in supermarkets, Pollan realized that supermarkets offer a large variety

Monday, December 9, 2019

Objectives in Corporate Finance free essay sample

If you don’t know where you are going, it does not matter how you get there† Aswath Damodaran Stern School of Business Aswath Damodaran 2 First Principles Invest in projects that yield a return greater than the minimum acceptable hurdle rate. †¢ The hurdle rate should be higher for riskier projects and reflect the financing mix used owners’ funds (equity) or borrowed money (debt) †¢ Returns on projects should be measured based on cash flows generated and the timing of these cash flows; they should also consider both positive and negative side effects of these projects. Choose a financing mix that minimizes the hurdle rate and matches the assets being financed. If there are not enough investments that earn the hurdle rate, return the cash to the owners of the firm (if public, these would be stockholders). †¢ The form of returns dividends and stock buybacks will depend upon the stockholders’ characteristics. Objective: Maximize the Value of the Firm Aswath Damodaran 3 The Classical Viewpoint Van Horne: In this book, we assume that the objective of the firm is to maximize its value to its stockholders Brealey Myers: Success is usually judged by value: Shareholders are made better off by any decision which increases the value of their stake in the firm The secret of success in financial management is to increase value. We will write a custom essay sample on Objectives in Corporate Finance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The most important theme is that the objective of the firm is to maximize the wealth of its stockholders. Brigham and Gapenski: Throughout this book we operate on the assumption that the managements primary goal is stockholder wealth maximization which translates into maximizing the price of the common stock. Aswath Damodaran 4 The Objective in Decision Making In traditional corporate finance, the objective in decision making is to maximize the value of the firm. A narrower objective is to maximize stockholder wealth. When the stock is traded and markets are viewed to be efficient, the objective is to maximize the stock price. All other goals of the firm are intermediate ones leading to firm value maximization, or operate as constraints on firm value maximization. Aswath Damodaran 5 The Criticism of Firm Value Maximization Maximizing stock price is not incompatible with meeting employee needs/objectives. In particular: †¢ Employees are often stockholders in many firms †¢ Firms that maximize stock price generally are firms that have treated employees well. Maximizing stock price does not mean that customers are not critical to success. In most businesses, keeping customers happy is the route to stock price maximization. Maximizing stock price does not imply that a company has to be a social outlaw. Aswath Damodaran 6 Why traditional corporate financial theory focuses on maximizing stockholder wealth. Stock price is easily observable and constantly updated (unlike other measures of performance, which may not be as easily observable, and certainly not updated as frequently). If investors are rational (are they? ), stock prices reflect the wisdom of decisions, short term and long term, instantaneously.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

The Bolsheviks Did Not Sieze Power They free essay sample

Merely Picked It Up Essay, Research Paper The Bolsheviks did non prehend power they simply picked it up It is true to state that the Bolsheviks did non prehend power but instead picked it up. The procedure that ensured their ictus of power is known as the Russian Revolution. This brought an terminal to 300 old ages of regulation by monarchical, the Romanov dynasty. # 8220 ; The Bolsheviks were excessively numerically weak to subvert a properly tally authorities. What they did hold was aspiration, finding and a scheme to lift to an empty place of power # 8221 ; . They were eager to subvert the monarchy and rose to power as a consequence of the revolution. Nicholas II is historically noted for being the last Tsar of Russia. Known to his curates as being an improbably weak and easy lead tyrant, he was out of melody with the people he ruled. His unruly, opinionated married woman Alexandra was said to rule Nicholas and state him what to make. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bolsheviks Did Not Sieze Power They or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is evidently a factor which contributed to his ruin and the rise of the Bolsheviks to power. At the clip of his enthronement as King he said, # 8220 ; Let all cognize that I, giving all my strength to the public assistance of the people, will continue the rule of autarchy as steadfastly and every bit unflinchingly as my late unforgettable male parent # 8221 ; . This is a incredible contradiction. It is true that Nicholas did everything in his power to keep onto absolute autarchy that ruled Russia but, in non one sense did he look after the public assistance of his people. During World War One dearth swept Russia and many provincials died as a consequence. By the start of 1917 the provincials, the in-between category and even the ground forces were against the Tsar and this resulted in the Revolution. By 1900 there was great discontent in the people of Russia. The provincials in peculiar were discontent with the life that they lived. They owned no land and were forced to work in the Fieldss all twenty-four hours merely to feed their households. This resulted in great poorness that swept Russia s lower categories and as there became less land to work provincials were forced to travel to the metropoliss and work in the mills. Russia was in the center of its Industrial Revolution and many mills were full of provincials who lived in dismaying conditions. It seemed that the hapless became hungrier as the richer became wealthier. In 1905, a peaceable presentation was lead by a priest called Father Gapon. He organised 1000s of discontented provincials to process harmoniously to the Winter Palace. They carried images and posters of the Tsar and chanted, # 8220 ; God save the Tsar # 8221 ; . The Royal Soldiers turned on the crowd an shooting 100s of defenceless people work forces, adult females and kids. It was from this minute that the Tsar became known as # 8220 ; Bloody Nicholas # 8221 ; . He was distant and unsympathetic to his people and relentless to portion his power. The Russian people demanded that their voice be heard and after many work stoppages which resulted in mutiny against the Tsar, Nicholas was forced to organize an elective parliament he called the Duma. In the infinite of clip between 1906 and 1917, the Duma met four times but, had no existent power. The Tsar s secret constabulary, called the Okrana arrested anyone who opposed Nicholas and exiled them to Siberia or imprisoned them. Trade Unions were banned and there was rigorous censoring of imperativeness. # 8220 ; Many members of the in-between category and the nobility criticised the authorities for being unqualified and oppressive # 8221 ; . It was widely agreed that something must be done. A group who called themselves the Socialist Revolutionaries formed in Russia in 1900. Their leader Lenin ( a great mind from serf stock ) decided that something must be done to subvert the bossy opinion that dominated Russia at the clip. In 1903, the Social Revolutionaries split into two different groups, the Bolsheviks, intending bulk and the Mensheviks, intending minority. Both parties believed in the demand for a Russian revolution nevertheless, they disagreed on how this should be brought approximately. The Bolsheviks had a tightly controlled and disciplined party in which all members obeyed orders from the leaders. They saw themselves as professional revolutionists who could confer their state with leading the population could non supply themselves. They besides believed that they had the power to rush up the procedure of the extroverted Revolution. On the other manus the Mensheviks were unfastened and willing to get differences of sentiment. They were of the sentiment that the revolution would non happen until economic conditions were stable and while Russia was still under Tsarist government this would non be for a long clip. Clash between the two cabals dominated party political relations until the beginning of World War One. Both the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks were followings and trusters in Karl Marx ( 1818-83 ) a German who is known for being the male parent of Communism. He concluded that after 100s of old ages of absolutism one twenty-four hours the in-between category would lift to power and this would merely go on as a consequence of a revolution. He believed that merely so would every one be equal. Marx noted that this would merely go on in states like Britain and Germany and non in Russia as it was a feudal state. It is someway dry that Russia was the first to fall to Communism. # 8220 ; Despite all this discontent, the chances for revolution did non look good in 1914. None of the radical parties was organised to take over power. Most of their leaders were in prison or in expatriate. It was merely the eruption of the First World War that, out of the blue, gave them the chance for which they had been looking. # 8221 ; Allied with Britain, Russia s ground forces was the biggest in the war with about 14 million soldiers being drafted by 1917. This did non halt them from being unprepared and inadequately qualified with one gun available for every three soldiers in preparation and three slugs a twenty-four hours for soldiers in conflict. Russia began to endure mortifying lickings and in 1915, the Tsar went to the forepart to take over as Commander in Chief of the armed forces. He left Alexandra behind to run the state, who was unpopular with the people because of her German background. She was under the influence of a roving provincial sanctum adult male called Rasputin who took over the authorities and sacked many competent curates and advisers. The new curates that Rasputin appointed were non merely unqualified but corrupt and this added to the popular discontent that swept Russia. In February 1917 representatives from the Duma went to see the Tsar at the forepart and urged him to renounce. He did, with small opposition, non merely for himself, but his boy Alexis every bit good. Nicholas brother The Grand Duke Michael was offered the throne and he declined, so after 300 old ages of the Romanov dynasty Russia was no longer a monarchy. This created the biggest power vacuity that Russia had of all time experienced. A probationary authorities was set up. Headed by Alexander Kerensky, they abolished the Okrana and introduced the freedoms of address and imperativeness. These moves were popular with the people. This popularity did non last for long. The Probationary Government refused to draw out of the War because they thought that under new direction the ground forces would get down to win. This was non the instance. Soldiers began puting up commissions and declining to obey the commanding officers who were directing them into conflict. Second, they refused to turn to the affair of provincials and their land. This one time more resulted in great discontentedness and the probationary authorities became known every bit being as bossy in their traffics with the people as the Tsar had been. Lenin spent his whole grownup life waiting for the revolution and when it foremost happened, in February 1917, it caught him off guard while he was concealing in Finland. By April he had returned to Petrograd ( officially St. Petersburg ) . At a Bolshevik meeting he said that they should get down the 2nd revolution instantly, # 8220 ; Hunger does non wait. The peasant rebellion does non wait. The war does non wait. # 8221 ; . Lenin stood in forepart of crowds of provincials at a presentation and said # 8220 ; Peace, Bread and Land # 8221 ; . This is what they wanted to hear. After the adversity and harm that World War 1 had brought to the people, all they wanted was peace, and at any cost. That is possibly why the Bolsheviks rise to power was approved by the Russian people. On October 25 the Winter Palace was stormed by the Bolsheviks and the Probationary Government succumbed to the force per unit area and gave in. The Probationary Government realised that they possessed no existent power or support from the people and that there was no hereafter for them as swayers of Russia. The Bolsheviks did non prehend power they simply picked it up where it had been left by the Tsar. They came to power because the people of Russia were discontent and the Bolsheviks had a great leader called Lenin who orchestrated their rise to power with the ruin of the monarchy and the failure of the probationary authorities.